Thjere's a lot of confusion in this thread, so I'll try to help clarify it a bit.
Discovery Is came with only four engines: the 200Tdi, superseded by the 300Tdi; the V8 and the 2l petrol Mpi, which was underpowered and slow, so very unpopular and a little rare. I don't know if the Mpi was even available for export outside the UK, and I'm sure they'd never have bothered with it on the US or African markets.
The 2.5 normally aspirated diesel, known as the 12J, was used in the earlier 90s and 110s, pre Defender. They were slow but very robust and reliable, with plenty of low down torque for an engine of its type. The UK forces stuck with this engine even while the 200Tdi Defenders were in production, only changing to a later engine when they introduced the TUL/TUM "Wolf" Defenders with the 300Tdi. They are not prone to overheating, and well cared for, are renowned for their longevity. The 12J was a stroked version of the 10J, which was what was fitted in the SII and SIII diesels. They used a 5mb crank with longer throw, a rubber/kevlar timing belt and a relocated Lucas CAV injection pump, but were otherwise very similar to the late 10Js.
The next engine after the 12J was the 19J, which was the same basic engine uprated to take a Garret turbo charger. They were prone to over-heating, and very prone to cracked heads and pistons. Early 19js also tended to crack blocks.
The 200Tdi followed on from the 19J, and share not only the general lay out but also many of the components, like crank shaft, flywheel, cam shaft, cam followers, piston oil jets and so on. Even the blocks are very similar. It was on the introduction of the Tdi that the 90/110/127 models became "Defenders".
The 300Tdi is a devopment of the 200, with several significant developments but still essentially the same core engine.
A 12J in a Series vehicle or a 90/110 is fine, if a little slow. It'd be awful in a Discovery, and would only fit after a lot of modification of both engine and vehicle.