We have a post production company and do a lot of ps work mostly for the wedding/portrait crowd and just work with pros
I have this analogy going back to film days LR or doing raw is like the wet side and PS is like the dry side

Back in the late 70s through 80s time when I really got into the zone system and shot mostly BW in the 90s I shot all color underwater mostly shot lumiere film
So always say I love digital ! i can develop my negative if you want to call it that multiple times for dif looks etc... And dodge burn etc.. And print as many copies as I want
Every image dodge burn enhance contrast or reduce and general pop the photo a bit more
The most common fixes
Remove bags under eyes enhance eyes stray hairs fix up distractions such as exit signs etc...
The not so often but common remove people usually meaning distracting people coming from behind someone etc..
Add people that were missed in the group shot remove major things such as telephone wires and poles and fences etc...
My own commercial work much like the thread On LL you linked to

totally enhance whats their
I tend do do everything on layers and use masks a wacom tablet and my own customized Xkeys
Example on some of my wedding work again just pop whats there
I am not a fan of the overdone plastic skin look so I try not to overcook photos just enhance !
remove the girl behind the bride
Touch up eyes general pop
