I'll give you a few:
slim jim
summer sausages
beef jerky
chipped beef
fat back
salt pork
salted fish
If you are interested, there is a book, called "the settlement cook book" (its a free ebook now!)
http://books.google.com/books?id=19YqAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA147&lpg=PA147&dq=dry+cod+fish+recipe+settlers&source=bl&ots=-oWRlfaRp2&sig=8AoUJx-WFo9VfABdcYxc1n4moe8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TnwTVMOKNpLhsATTrIH4DQ&ved=0CEAQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=dry%20cod%20fish%20recipe%20settlers&f=false
I have a particular interest in historical recipes and cooking techniques. Most of the ingredients available at the time did not need refrigeration (i.e. early settlers/expeditions, etc), or were supplemented with what was available at the time.
People of the past were a much tougher bunch- and had very simple pallets. Here's a sample middle class menu at home from the mid 1850's:
Sample bill of fare for middle-class home meals: 1853
In the days before home freezers and rapid transit, suggested family menus were grouped by season and presented for each day. Breakfast would have been served between 8-9AM. Dinner would have been the main meal of the day, served sometime between noon and three. Tea would have been a light meal (at that time this meal was often called supper) before retiring.
"Bill of Fare. Winter.
Monday.
Breakfast. Corn bread, cold bread, stew, boiled eggs.
Dinner. Soup, cold joint, calves' head, vegetables.
Dessert. Puddings, &c.
Tea. Cold bread, milk toast, stewed fruit.
Tuesday.
Breakast. Hot cakes,cold bread, sausages, fried potatoes.
Dinner. Soup, roast turkey, cranberry sauce, boiled ham, vegetables.
Dessert. Pie &c.
Tea. Corn bread, cold bread, stewed oysters.
Wednesday.
Breakfast. Hot bread, cold bread, chops, omelet.
Dinner. Boiled mutton, stewed liver, vegetables.
Dessert. Pudding, &c.
Tea. Hot light bread, cold bread, fish, stewed fruit.
Thursday.
Breakfast. Hot cakes, cold bread, sausages, fried potatoes.
Dinner. Soup, poultry, cutlets, vegetables.
Dessert. Custards and stewed fruit.
Tea. Corn bread, cold bread, frizzled beef, stewed fruits, or soused calves' feet.
Friday.
Breakfast. Hot bread, cold bread, chops, omelet.
Dinner. Soup, fish, roast mutton and currant jelly, vegetables.
Dessert. Pudding, &c.
Tea. Hot light bread, cold bread, stewed fruit.
Saturday.
Breakfast., Hot bread, a nice hash, fried potatoes.
Dinner. Soup, roast veal, steaks, oyster pie, vegetables.
Dessert. Custards.
Tea. Corn bread, cold bread, stewed oysters.
Sunday.
Breakfast. Cold bread, croquets, omelet.
Dinner. Roast pig, apple sauce, steaks, vegetables.
Dessert. Pie, jelly.
Tea. Cold bread, stewed fruit, light cake."
---Cookery As It Should Be: A New Manual of the Dining Room and Kitchen, by A Practical Housekeeper and Pupil of Mrs. Goodfellow [Philadelphia:Willis P. Hazard] 1853 (p. 310)