yup, clamp meter, for amps, and measure the battery volts with volt meter. The difference in volts between engine and charging is very noticeable.
plus, somewhere near where engine meets gearbox there's a heavy strap from engine to chassis. Its the main earth return for the starter. Its been known to vibrate away to nothing and significantly reduce the effectiveness of the starter motor.
I replaced it when I realised it was broken. The starter still worked, just that the amps probably flowed through smaller wires and didn't like it. Possibly also the alternator return.