I agree, with the new emissions controls, today's diesels are quite
complicated. It's like having a miniature chemical factory under the
floorboards. Add in the electronics used to monitor the emissions
control gear, and you've got a complex system that require sophisticated test equipment to diagnose and fix.
Diesel used to be the choice for overland vehicles because the engines
were dead simple and reliable. I think it will be a while before we can
give the new diesels the same level of trust.
IMHO the problem with modern diesels is a 3 letter word: EGR. It isn't coincidence that in the last year Cummins and Mack/Volvo have followed Daimler/Detroit Diesel to the SCR/urea/light EGR fold. Only Navistar/MAN remain in the nonurea heavy EGR camp for 2010. On Detroit Diesel's official site, they claim "power and economy will be back for 2010 with urea/SCR". That's a tacit admission that EGR has been a flop.
In Europe, truck diesels with electronic controls and urea/SCR downstream of the engine report good reliability and excellent economy and are capable of high power densities. OTOH 2007 diesels in the US have problems with broken EGR coolers, turbo soot-up, and worsening mileage - all due to "heavy" EGR which is not seen in Europe. Partially due to tighter NOx regs in the US, and partly due to perceived consumer resistance to urea.
But the mfgs have given in to urea and I believe things will improve as a result.
I predict: Navistar 2010 engines will be big trouble.
The electronics seem reliable, that has been sorted out years ago.
The EGR system on my U500 seems to have "fallen off"; the only actual engine problem I have had was: a leaky EGR cooler!
One might object to urea for overseas travel. Note that DPF delete kits with electronic patches are already available for 2007 Big 3 pickup applications, as well as EGR delete kits. I have no doubt that delete kits will appear for SCR as well for common applications.
The most scary form of EGR is "in-cylinder EGR". The camshaft shuts the exhaust valve a bit early. Hard to delete that!
2013 Euro VI truck emissions are 33% tighter on particulates and 33% looser on NOx. We might see the same technology as the Europeans but it will be interesting to see if the Europeans will be forced to introduce a bit of EGR in Euro VI engines.
Many Euro IV European engines have only urea/SCR. They tune the engine for high NOx and low particulates and good power and economy with advanced timing and injection tuning (a benefit of electronics). Then they use the NOx to burn the paticulates in the front part of the converter called an "oxi-kat". NOx makes particulates burn at 250 C. instead of 600 C. Then, they use the urea to get rid of the remaining NOx.
EPA regs are consistently tighter on NOx and looser on particulates than European.
People in Europe complain about rules coming out of Brussels. For diesels, I'll take European regs any time over EPA.
Charlie