new guy needs help

darkjedi351

Observer
Hi, I'm totally new to the radio scene and want to get something for my truck that can also communicate with handheld units up to a mile or more away. What is available and what do I need?

thanks for any and all help
 

darkjedi351

Observer
whatever has the best range. I'll be using these mostly while hunting in Utah. it would be nice to have something hard mounted in the truck and then at least 4 portables. is cb the easiest?
 
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AFBronco235

Crew Chief
CB is the easiest and most readily available. (Just getting this in before the ham snobs jump in.) The rig mounted units can be nice, but the hand portable ones just lack power and not sure if they have the range you need. Keep in mind that range will be affecting by things like hills, valleys, trees and even weather patterns, so a mile in a dense forest on the side of a mountain with lots of valleys is asking for a bit much. (I use that as a random example. Not sure what terrain you have in Utah.) You also need to make sure that your setup is good with low impedance in the antenna and cables. Also, the biggest factor that determines the quality of a radio setup, ham or CB, is the antenna. A cheap radio and a top notch antenna will always trump an expensive radio with a cheap antenna.

I'm assuming your rig mounted CB will be at some sort of base camp? If so, a semi-portable antenna tower might be able to give you a little more range by raising the antenna up a bit, but that has issues all its own.

Regardless, a cheap, simple setup with a range of 1 mile isn't going to be easy.
 

wirenut

Adventurer
Ham radio will likely have the best range but requires an FCC license for every operator.
CB will be the simplest but will have rather limited range.
FRS will be the least expensive equipment, also with limited range but better sound quality that CB.
GMRS also requires a license but there's no test to pass like ham radio. Range and sound quality should be pretty good.
With limited knowledge of your situation and who you'll be talking too I would go with CB.
 

craig333

Expedition Leader
Depends on the terrain but if its somewhat open I'd try FRS. Should get a mile los and its cheap. No base unit though (legally).
 

4x4junkie

Explorer
Some good info in this thread already.

CB works quite good mobile-to-mobile or mobile-to-base if you have decent antennas, but CB handhelds have extremely limited range without a big cumbersome 5-foot+ long antenna on the thing due to the longish 11-meter wavelength of the frequency band they use.

What I might suggest is look into the better FRS units that are available, or maybe MURS.
For FRS, look for units that have claims of 35 miles or more (no they generally don't talk that far reliably, but the numbers are still relative). Such units should reliably go a couple miles as long as you don't have hills or pine trees w/long needles all around you. The short wavelength FRS uses works relatively well from inside of a vehicle too.

MURS units should work better than FRS if talking mobile to mobile or mobile to handheld, but are probably about the same as a good FRS going from handheld-to-handheld. Unlike FRS, you can attach a good external antenna to a MURS radio for a range that can often exceed 10 miles.
 

rayra

Expedition Leader
FRS is a decent all around (very) short range solution. 1/2 watt. Line of site is good but as mentioned in broken terrain or heavy cover it will not work well. But the radios are plentiful and cheap and small and in wide use. FRS also works perfectly fine for 'vehicle convoy' car to car comms, as long as everybody can see each other. Somebody gets lost or breaks down, they're going to be out of range immediately.
Chief problems are limited power, snubby fixed antennae, but they run on AA batts and for a good while. And require no license to operate (due to their limited power and range). The fancier versions use frequency splitting for 'privacy' channels. The 'privacy' is purely by dint of nobody else being around on that split frequency. FRS has 14 channels, typically.

GMRS has a bit more power and range (2 watt mobiles and there are 5 watt base stations), but also have a fixed antenna (required by type). They have 22 channels, the first 14 being in common with FRS. Many models also have NOAA Weather channel reception. A useful thing when afield. Also run on AA batts. GMRS requires a 'family license' for a moderate fee, to use legally. They are available in all sorts of bubble packs for very reasonable prices. I don't know what the intricacies of the 'family' license are, but you could do so and get a 4 pack of radios for you and yours, and tell everyone else to get some FRS radios. Then at least you are all 'interoperable' and the GMRS could serve as a base station in effect, with it's longer broadcast range. A GMRS at the base camp, A GMRS in the field with the group or pairs of hunters, everybody else with an FRS and that way everybody can stay in reasonable communication, even if it require relaying messages from weaker to stronger devices.

HAM, lots of powerful options, small and big, all requiring study and licensing (at a cheaper price than the GMRS Family license, IIRC). There are a lot of very inexpensive radios available in recent years, source of a lot of friction in the radio world as they are often illicitly used, HAM snobbery etc. The nice thing about them is you can use them to monitor FRS, GMRS, MURS quite readily. But it isn't legal to them to broadcast on those frequencies except in case of a real emergency. To my thinking they might make a great inexpensive monitor radio in a 'base' setup, especially something ad hoc like a search or rescue operation, tornado disaster etc. Worth having just for that alone. I'm still trying to get around to taking my HAM Technician test so I can actually use the thing, but I've got a nice kit bag put together with additional antenna options, battery packs, power converters etc. Just in case it's needed. Already lost one house to a major earthquake. And thinking about moving to tornado country.


All of these radios come in versions small enough to clip thru a lapel button hole or lash to a pack or belt or suspenders. Smaller than a pack of cigarettes, in many cases. And they are very light for what they are. And almost all of them have inexpensive optional 'hands free' ear clip speaker and boom mic setups. A bonus for hunting as well. Very little noise to spook anything.
 

darkjedi351

Observer
so it looks like a cb for the truck for fun a weather alerts and some hi-end frs units for person to person.

the part that concerns me is the ranch in Utah where there is the flatland with sagebrush and then the mountain with some high ridges with long deep canyons.

thanks for all of the suggestions and help!
 

rayra

Expedition Leader
All I can suggest is keep in pairs in the deep canyons, or advise folks call each other before they go down in such a radio hole, so folks know where to start looking for them if they don't show up for dinner.
 

Grinder313

Observer
Best bet would be to have someone stationed on a high ridge to act as a repeater, unless the ridge is close enough to the ranch to run good coax to an antenna on the ridge.

Sent from my VS985 4G using Tapatalk
 

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