Mozambique - part 1
Driving the sandy beach roads of Mozambique. (Note the tilt in the camper down to the left, this will become a later issue)
We entered Mozambique from Eswatini with some trepidation. We knew there was ongoing civil unrest in the north of the country and heard of travelers struggling with police corruption. But after traveling the coast of West Africa, we had learned to take many of these stories with a grain of salt. People are still living, working, raising families and going to school in countries which are rumored to be “unsafe” for travelers. We had a great time in Mozambique and, once again, it made us question our information sources and the inherent bias that goes into outsiders making these evaluations.
Despite our complete lack of Portuguese (back to our limited obrigado and bom dia) we were warmly welcomed everywhere we went, received friendly waves at police stops and enjoyed exploring endless miles of white sandy beaches and rugged forest and mountain scenery.
Overall we saw scores of police speed checks (more than we have ever seen in any country) and general police check points. We were scrupulous about sticking to posted speed limits and were only actually stopped five times. Four of those were highly professional, asking where we were going, sometimes a passport check. One time we accidentally were going 68kph in a 60 zone (looking ahead to that nearby 100kph sign), but were let off without a ticket and well wishes to enjoy our time in Mozambique. The only place we were asked for a bribe was the military stop at Save River Bridge. They were pretty persistent but so were we (lots of smiles and us saying sorry, no gift today) and eventually we were waved on with a smile .
Especially at the southern end of the country, infrastructure has been developed to accommodate holiday makers from South Africa. Roads are good and restaurants, campsites and tourist attractions abound. We easily received our visas on arrival at the border by providing proof of a booking (the immigration officer was kind enough to give us a hotspot so that we could screenshot him a copy of our campground reservation since we had not been around a printer in a while). Customs also issued a Temporary Import Permit for our truck on the spot for a $28. Total time at the Goba border, less than an hour. (It would have been only a few minutes but we got behind a busload of Eswatini soccer fans on their way to support their team in Maputo).
First roads over the border, good gravel.
Our first stop was Ponta do Ouro where we happily planned a layover day in a campground on the outside of town. We took long walks on the beach, explored the sleepy town and rested.
Whimsically decorated lunch spot in Ponta do Ouro
Downtown Ponta do Ouro
Miles of beautiful beach to walk
We were off season for South African holidays so no one around
Fully refreshed from a few days of showers and relaxing walks we made our way to the capital city Maputo to learn more about the history and culture of the country.
It is no surprise that Mozambique’s history is similar to most of colonialized Africa. In the early days, nomadic tribes populated the area. Gradually other tribes made their way from the west and a variety of small kingdoms reigned. In the 8th century the Arabian traders arrived. Relations went well, people intermarried and the local Swahili language started to blend in Arabic words and terms. In the late 15th century, the Portuguese arrived and began setting up trading posts and forts along the coast. In the 1880’s when the European colonizers sat down to carve up control of Africa, Portuguese formalized their rule of the region.
In the early 1900’s Portuguese rulers insitututed their own version of apartheid with the population being divided into the “Portuguese” with full citizenship rights and the “indigenous” who were forced to work, pay taxes and had daily restrictions put on their lives. A gradual sense of unhappiness and increased nationalism led to the fight for independence which launched in 1962 under the leadership of the Frelimo party. In 1975, after years of a scorched earth policy, Portugal finally handed over independence and the Frelimo party leaders came into control. Samora Machel was appointed the first president. (in an interesting fact, there is one woman who was married to two African presidents, Graca Machel, who was first married to Nelson Mandela and then to Samora Machel).
Casa de Ferro (Iron House) in Maputo, reportedly designed by Gustave Eiffel, built in Belgium and brought by the Portuguese to serve as a Governor’s Mansion. But the iron proved to be too hot to be habitable.
Frelimo came into power and embarked on a program of radical reform based on socialism which unfortunately failed. By the 1980’s the country was bankrupt and struggling. An opposition party, Renamo was formed with support from South Africa and Rhodesia to combat the Soviet backed Frelimo. The country fell into civil war which like many regional conflicts in Africa in the late 20th century was exacerbated by the ongoing Cold War and competing east-west idealogies. After one million Mozambiquens were killed in the war and five million more people were displaced, the war finally ended in 1992 with the official end of the South African support of Frelimo and Soviet support for Renamo.
Our two week route through Mozambique - this map only shows the southern half of the long, skinny country.
Although the civil war is officially over, Renamo insurgents continue to fight in the far northern section of the country and have a reputation for violence, kidnapping and extortion. Some of the Mozambiquens we spoke with said it was really a war over control of the lucrative gold and gas resourcs in the north.
Maputo Cathedral - Catholic church built by the Portuguese in the 1930’s. A Rome-based Catholic lay community played a key role in brokering the peace agreement ending the civil war in Mozambique.
Downtown park in Maputo
In general, Maputo felt prosperous. Infrstructure appeared to be in good shape. The downtown area was walkable with cafes, restaurants and nightclubs. Although 2/3 of the population of the country live in rural areas and depend on subsistence agriculture, Maputo is an international and economic driver. With neighboring countries being landlocked, Mozambique ports play a key role in importing and exploring to the region.
Walking history tour with local guide, Hendy. Highly recommend!
Central market in downtown Maputo, filled with spices and grains
As fascinating as Maputo was, we still don’t love cities, so made our way back to the coast. We found more remote white sandy beach at Chidenguele where we camped for the night.
Walking the beach at Chidenguele, camped at Sunset Beach Resort
We will never get over our amazement and respect for African women carrying loads balanced on their heads
Not being highly social or party people, we skipped the famous Tofo beach area and headed out to Barra at the tip of the peninsula. More camping and beach walks!
Andy always has to catch the wildlife. Then he puts it back.