Those used in the HMMV wheels and tires don't prevent dropping the air pressure, but they do limit how far the tire will bulge before they make contact with the inside of the tread. Exactly what they're intended to do.
Early crawler users of these wheels & tires found that the system would 'go to zero' at the least opportune moments so they started cutting off the run-flat portion of the insert. They couldn't just not put the insert in as that would eliminate the bead-lock feature - which was the reason for using them in the first place. Eventually someone figured out that a piece of large ID PVC pipe (20 inch?) cut to the right length would work just as well for the bead-lock feature and was a heck of a lot less work than cutting the magnesium run-flats down.