BajaTaco said:
"flywgn" is our resident Lord of the Fly!
...He is a fly flickin', fish catchin' yogi-guru son of a gun. Be sure to talk to him...
BT, you're too much.
I can't live up to that stuff. I love fly-fishing, and so does Diana. My first rod was given to me in 1951 and I've flailed a lot of water since then. Exposure to something hardly qualifies one as a ‘guru'. I'd be embarrassed to tell you how many fly-rods and reels we now own—and use, moreover—but it's like any other hobby/pastime, you're always adding to the kit. Sort of like owning an expedition vehicle.
It is true though that one of the main attractions for our recent move to Idaho was to be nearer good trout water. (We're only 30 minutes from Silver Creek, for one. Then there's the Big Wood, the Salmon, Lost River, Henry's Fork, the Madison… . Uh ohhh, there I go.
Brian, there's a dearth of ‘daytrips' from PHX, as Seth has pointed out. You can, however, get into the Salt River below the Stewart Mountain Dam. This time of year the mornings would be best since the water would remain cool near the surface for a couple of hours after sunrise. Use small (size 20 – 24) flies. Maybe a Trico, or if you want to drift a nymph use a Trico Nymph. As the morning wears on you can always toss out a caddis (Hare's Ear or similar) and if you cast enough times you can create your own ‘hatch'.
The Salt here is a tailwater fishery and therefore the river just below the dam is quite cold.
I haven't fished the Salt recently, and I know that there were plans to make some adjustments to the fishing regulations and, worse, extend the floaters' section. You might want to give the AZ Fish and Game a call before you go, or, as Aaron suggests, give the guys at Sportsman's a call.
Oak Creek is not too far for a day trip, but you'll have a long drive and you MUST avoid the weekends on both of these steams.
There are a couple of lakes near PHX, i.e. Saguaro, Canyon, and Apache and I've heard that they hold some nice trout—bass, too, for that matter—but I imagine that this time of year you must float and fish deep, not the fly-fishing that I enjoy. Heck, though, a fish on the end of a fly-line can be good under many circumstances.
All of this is predicated by the fact that it's difficult to find the cold water w/in a day's drive of PHX. Seth gave some good suggestions if you can spend a night or two, and, if that is an option, the Colorado River at Lee's Ferry, while not harboring the fish that it did years ago, still has really nice fish in it. The guys at Lee's Ferry Fly Shop can give you info about the current activity there. I stopped by a few weeks ago and they told me that their clients were catching lots of fish but not big sizes.
Allen
aka
fly flickin', fish catchin' yogi-guru son of a gun*
*
I think 'fly-flickin' and 'son-of-a-gun' are the only parts that fit. 
