I know the OP was r.e. ham v. CB, but I wanted to comment on FRS Mobile.
I wonder if there will eventually be a "split the difference" option: Mobile FRS. If I understand correctly (corrections welcomed
) the FCC allows
GMRS mobile units but does not allow
FRS mobile units.
IOW, by law all FRS radios are HTs with the mike and antenna attached to the hand-held unit.
//snip//
(by "mobile" I mean a radio set that can be permanently mounted in the vehicle with a separate microphone and antenna like a 2m Mobile)
For me, Mobile FRS would be a perfect system: FM/UHF for better sound quality, and a simple non-repeater (simplex) 'channel' system like CB for ease of use.
//snip//
So I say: Bring on the decent priced, decently featured Mobile FRS units in the $100 - $200 price range. Once they catch on and everybody has one, I'd love to have one in my rig.
There have actually been at least two units on the market that <almost> meet your requirement.
Radio Shack put out a 'marine/mobile' FRS-only unit, the Model 21-1850.
It had the radio guts built into the base of the mag-mount antenna. Then it had a really long (6'-ish) mic cable with all the controls on the mic. IMO the design was an attempt to get around the FCC rules you mentioned, since strictly speaking the antenna was directly mounted to the radio. They didn't sell 'em for long, though. My suspicion is that the FCC made RS quit selling them because they violated the intent of the FCC ruling.
I've read that the units tended toward short operational life. I suspect because the mic cable, which you had to run through a door or window, was really fat and subject to damage. It was fat because it had something like 8 twisted pairs running though it for all the controls on the mic.
Personally, I think the RS unit would probably work well for a fixed mobile installation where you could figure out a way to permanently route that fat cable instead of slamming it in a door or such. Also, the mic cable is permanently fixed at both the radio/antenna end, and at the mic end, so routing it trough a small hole would require cutting it and resplicing those 8-or-so twisted pairs.
I've seen the RS Marine/Mobile units on craigslist for around $30.
Second, more recently Midland has (or had) their 75-510XLM FRS-only mobile radio
which is a more conventional HT, but with a removable antenna and a separate mag-mount antenna. It does have a 12v jack and headphone/mic jacks, so could easily be used as a permanent installation. This one seems to be a clear violation of the FCC rules, unless the rules have changed or something.
Amazon used to carry the Midland units for about $35, but the don't seem to have them now. Maybe the FCC made Midland quit selling theirs, as well?