Nframe1961 and vonguido, thanks for the feedback and for following along. It's all a learning process for me right now and I'm enjoying it.
I picked up my Technician license for Ham radio last year but haven't done much with it. I decided to upgrade my antenna because I could hardly pick up any signals using a rubber ducky antenna in the cab. I have a cheapo Baofeng F8HP with extended battery for the time being. Eventually I will upgrade to a dedicated mobile rig.
I used the following parts to mount an external antenna:
-Browning BR-180 dual band antenna (
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B003H3DTGE/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o02_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1)
-Gamiviti hood mount bracket for Toyota (
http://www.gamiviti.com/antenna-brackets)
-Browning coax with 3/4" NMO mount (
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00BLCLUJ6/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o00_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1)
-PL 239 connector (
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00KVOXFL6/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o00_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1)
-239-SMA female adapter (
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00COKNKS8/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o02_s01?ie=UTF8&psc=1)
The bracket fits perfectly. Remove this bolt, put the bracket on, and tighten it back up. The bracket I ordered is made for the driver's side, and accounts for the downward rake of the engine bay, and holds the antenna straight up.
I routed the coax past the rear of the hydraulic hood lift so it wouldn't get pinched. I then routed the coax through the firewall. On my truck there was a piece in the existing rubber grommet that looked like it was there for this purpose. I clipped off the tip of the rubber, opening a hole, and fished the coax through. On the coax cable I bought I had to remove the PL-259 end in order for it to fit. I got rid of all the excess cable this way too.
I routed the cable under the lower edge of the dash and behind the center console. The cable lays on top of the tray and terminates around the cup holders. I soldered a new PL 239 connector on, then attached it to the 239-SMA female adapter and then onto the radio.
The reception is much better, but I notice that if I'm moving the signal cuts in and out a lot (picket-fencing I believe?). If there is anything you ham's see that needs to be changed or improved please let me know. I'm very much new to all of this. I couldn't mount it on the roof due to interference with the garage, so the hood mount was the next best option.