In many cases the increasing size has outpaced efficiency. The new Ranger gets almost identical mpg and CO2 grams per mile as a 15 year old Ranger.
I found this out looking at EPA data. In the Rangers case it’s a stark example because it’s essentially the same 2.3. The truck now is bigger but it took a twin stage turbo, a ten speed transmission and a whole lot more attention to aero to get nowhere. No, that’s not true, we also get a smaller bed and safety stuff…
One example of a trend across the entire auto market available to Americans. Of course hybridization is the only bright side of combustion and the rate of adoption by US manufacturers has been abysmal. We got the Honda Insight in 1999, there is no reason why every vehicle could not have a real hybrid options by now. Not the BS mild hybrid crap, the real stuff like Nissans e-power or even GMs Voltec or Fords Energi. Parts bin adaptations.
If vehicle size had stayed the same and hybridization was universal we’d be in tremendously better shape with emissions. We didn’t do the work and now we need to scramble to electrification because we’ve ran out of time. It’s never really been a technology problem, still isn’t.