#1 diet - most important
You need to be eating enough calories so that your body is not in survival mode!
If you starve yourself, you will lose muscle and gain fat.
(That basically means you should not deplete calories below your basic metabolic needs...i.e. BMR....which could be roughly figured as weight in pounds x 10.)
If you reduce calories drastically for extended periods of time you will lose muscle and improve your ability to gain fat. That means do not try to lose fat with caloric reduction for extended periods of time! (Unless you are prepping for a contest..then, you know you will lose some muscle along the way...and you should know how you will bulk up agian after.)
We know that 500 calories under your "maintenance" per day will get you -1 pound a week...if you lose more than 2 pounds a week, some will likely be muscle and water...so you have to decide what weight you want to lose. One might take 300 from diet and deplete 200 with exercise and cardio to begin.
You can even gain 1/3 to 1/2 a pound of muscle a week while dropping fat if you play it right!
And yes, when you know how it all works you CAN lose fat in a caloric surplus, while gaining muscle...but for now and for simplicity...lets just say you will either be gaining muscle or losing fat...lets think of them as mutually exclusive clubs for now (...until you understand the complexities!)
Before you can start to LOSE fat efficiently you need to get your metabolism (the rate your body uses calories) and your digestion optimized!!!
At least 4-6 meals a day! You must strive to eat every 3- 3 1/2 hours that you are awake.
Go to this post to figure your daily calories if you don't have a clue.
Calories needed per day for various goals <------ link for you to click
At the bottom of the post is a link to a spreadsheet/calculator that you can use... otherwise read it and estimate with the formula supplied.
Use the lowest figure in the maintenance range for you (do not adjust it!)...after a week you can adjust.
Basic meal:
A lean protein (3 oz Chicken/turkey/beef/soy...)
A vegetable (1/2 cup broccoli/green beans/peppers/ 2 cups salad...)
A complex carb source (1/2 cup Rice/quinoa/amaranth/oatmeal...sweet potato, potato...)
Sufficient good fat (from the protein and/or Fish oils, omega 3 oils, flax oils, nuts..)
To start off you are looking for:
Protein-15-25%,
carbohydrates-45-75%,
fat-10-30%
...of your total calories
The ideal range of protein for starting off is .7-.9 grams per pound of body weight.
If you are a light eater and meats sit like a brick in your tummy then go for the lower part of that range.
If you enjoy meats and could eat them many times in the day, and they give you energy...go for the higher end.
Target the fat % on the scale proportionate with the protein. Then inversely proportion the carbs to the protein.
It depends on your preferences and your body chemistry. Everyone IS different in the way they digest and use food. You have to work with it to find what gives you the most energy and power, focus and good feeling.
Yes, I am speaking from experience as a trainer. I assess clients for where to start their meals, then assign a diet and then we adjust based upon what we observe. This is what you will do for yourself.
Foods should be fresh whole foods. Carbs should be from veggies and non-processed starches (rice, baked sweet potato, potato, quinoa, amaranth...). Drop processed foods and sugars from your diet.
A word about sugar. Simply put, consuming sugar can lock fat stores in and speed the loss of muscle. Processed foods can have the same effect. Even fruit consumed by itself can have that effect. Milk is a sugar...so minimize dairy intake during a fat loss cycle. No matter what, if you do have a sugar (which is not optimal when the goal is fat loss) be sure it is accompanied by a lean whole food protein (not a powder.)
Experiment with different mixes...1 week strict per "experiment"!
I.E. (these are the extremes and represent points in a whole spectrum! They give you ideas of parts of the spectrum to explore)
The moderate protein type=
Protein-20%,
carbohydrates-65%,
fat-15%
High Protein type=
Protein-25%,
carbohydrates-45%,
fat-30%
High Carb type=
Protein-15%,
carbohydrates-75%,
fat-10%
Select the foods you will eat for each meal
i.e.
Meal 1
Oatmeal
Egg whites
Onion and mushroom
Flax oil
Meal 2
Whole grain Pita Bread
Turkey
Lettuce
spinach
tomato
Meal 3
Rice
Chicken
Green Beans
Meal 4
Quinoa
Beef
Peas, Carrots and celery, onions
(Meal 5)
Pre work out protein/BCAA/EAA
During workout carbs (unless you are aiming for below 10% BF)
Post Work out protein/BCAA/EAA
Meal 6
Baked Sweet Potato
Turkey
Broccoli
Then...Use fitday.com to plan meals to get what you need not just as a meal journal...it is free! Use fitday.com as a MEAL PLANNER..not just a journal. To help you tweak your diet into different mixes!
Go over each meal separately at first and get it to match what you want. Over time design more meals that fit your target meal so you have more and more choices! The real secret is to create a new meal every few days that fits your meal plan. After 2 months you have 20-30 meals to choose from and you can mix and match!
So you start with only a days worth...you eat the same thing for a week..believe me..you will learn how much you really need to lose fat!
Lets say you are 200 pounds and are needing to start with 2800 calories to lose. If you ate that every day for a week you could tell pretty clearly what it would take to lose the fat you want!
Try to go easy on salts and avoid sugars, they sit under the skin right on the stomach!
Decrease breads and pastas replacing them with brown rice and yams, focus on getting fibrous veggies for carbs, like broccoli, green beans, greens etc. into every meal.